@article {32, title = {Checklist of the flora of the restingas of Piau{\'\i} state, Northeast Brazil}, journal = {Check List}, volume = {11(2)}, year = {2015}, pages = {10}, chapter = {1}, abstract = {

Sandy coastal plain vegetation (Restinga) is composed of communities of plants that grow on Quaternary Neosols along the entire extension of the Brazilian coast. The state of Piau\í has a coastal extension of 66 km and is entirely located in the semi-arid zone of Northeastern Brazil. This study catalogued the phanerogam species found along the coast of the state of Piau\í, the data of which was compiled from surveys in online databases and literature, and herbarium collections. A total of 363 species distributed among 235 genera, and 74 families were identified. The families with the greatest number of species included Fabaceae (108 species), Euphorbiaceae (19), Amaranthaceae (13), Apocynaceae (12), Cyperaceae (12), Rubiaceae (12), Bignoniaceae (11), Malvaceae (11) and Poaceae (11) and represent over 57.6\% of the species collected. Approximately 87\% of the species were common to other restinga areas in Northeastern Brazil, and ca. 13\% were restricted to the coast of the state of Piau\í.

}, keywords = {coastal vegetation, herbarium, Northeastern Brazil, Quaternary Neosols, restinga vegetation}, author = {Santos-Filho, F.S. and Almeida_Jr, E.B. and Lima, P.B. and Soares, C.J.R.S.} } @article {24, title = {Atividade antibacteriana de extratos de folhas de Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott (Araceae)}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais}, volume = {17}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, pages = {1142-1149}, chapter = {1142}, abstract = {

RESUMO: O uso de plantas medicinais no tratamento de doen\ças \é uma estrat\égia antiga utilizada por praticamente todas as popula\ç\ões do mundo, e, embora novos antibi\óticos tenham sido desenvolvidos para o controle de micro-organismos infecciosos, \às vezes s\ão ineficazes. Diversos extratos de plantas medicinais t\êm efeitos antimicrobianos, principalmente quando associados \à antibi\óticos de uso cl\ínico, representando alternativa terap\êutica para doen\ças infecciosas. Montrichardia linifera, conhecida popularmente como aninga, \é esp\écie macr\ófita, aqu\ática emergente de h\ábito herb\áceo, pertencente a fam\ília Araceae e ocorre em \áreas alag\áveis. A utilidade farmacol\ógica desta esp\écie \é diversificada tendo sido relatada como cicatrizante, antirreum\ático, antidiur\ético e expectorante. Devido \à relev\ância no campo etnofarmacol\ógico, ampla utiliza\ç\ão na medicina popular e escassez de trabalhos relacionados \à atividade antibacteriana desta esp\écie, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a atividade antibacteriana de extratos alco\ólicos de folhas de Montrichardia linifera, coletadas na margem do rio Igara\çu, Parna\íba-PI. O extrato foi testado em oito cepas de bact\érias: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae e Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Foram utilizadas as t\écnicas de verifica\ç\ão da forma\ç\ão de halos de inibi\ç\ão e determina\ç\ão das concentra\ç\ões inibit\órias e bactericidas m\ínimas. Os testes antibacterianos evidenciaram como principais resultados que o extrato metan\ólico seco (EMS), extrato metan\ólico fresco (EMF), e o extrato etan\ólico seco (EES), apresentaram a\ç\ão antibacteriana, enquanto o extrato etan\ólico fresco (EEF) n\ão apresentou atividade para as bact\érias testadas. O EMS foi o mais eficiente, inibindo o crescimento bacteriano na concentra\ç\ão de 200 \μg/mL para E. faecalis, 400 \μg/mL para S. aureus, 400 \μg/mL para S. epidermidis e 2.000 \μg/mL para P. aeruginosa. O EMF obteve CIM de 2.000 \μg/mL para E. faecalis e EES obteve CIM de 250 \μg/mL para E. faecalis. Os resultados demonstraram que M. linifera constitui fonte eficiente de compostos bioativos antibacterianos. Os estudos sobre as propriedades farmacol\ógicas de plantas da fam\ília Araceae s\ão escassos, e os resultados deste trabalho s\ão pioneiros em rela\ç\ão a atividade antibacteriana desta esp\écie.

Palavras-chave: Araceae, bioatividade, extratos alco\ólicos, atividade antibacteriana.

ABSTRACT: Antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott (Araceae). For a long time, medicinal herbs have been used in the treatment of diseases by almost all populations in the world, and although new antibiotics have been developed for the control of infectious micro-organisms, they are sometimes ineffective. Many herbal extracts have antimicrobial effects and represent a potential alternative therapy for infectious diseases, especially when associated with the clinical use of antibiotics. The Montrichardia linifera, popularly known as Aninga, is a robust, herbaceous, emergent aquatic macrophyte belonging to the Araceae family, appearing along rivers and stream margins in the tropical America. The pharmacological application of this species are several ones, having been reported to own a healing, antirheumatic, anti-diuretic and expectorant effect. Due to the relevance in the ethnopharmacological field, the spread use in popular medicine and the few researches related to the antibacterial activity of this specie, the study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of alcoholic leaf extracts of plants of Montrichardia linifera collected along the margins of Rio Igara\çu, Parna\íba, Piau\í, Brazil. The extract was tested in eight strains of ATCC bacterial standards: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The verification techniques used were the formation of inhibition halos, and the determination of minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC). The antibacterial tests showed, as main results, that dried methanol extract (EMS), fresh methanol extract (EMF) and dry ethanol extract (EES) exhibited antibacterial activity, while the fresh ethanol extract (EEF) was inactive against the tested bacteria. The EMS was the most efficient one, inhibiting bacterial growth at a concentration of 200 \μg/mL for E. faecalis, 400 \μg/mL for S. aureus 400 \μg/mL for S. epidermidis and 2.000 \μg/mL for P. aeruginosa. The EMF obtained a MIC of 2.000 \μg/mL for E. faecalis and EES obtained a MIC of 250 \μg/mL for E. faecalis. The results showed that M. linifera is an efficient source of bioactive antibacterial compounds. Studies about the pharmacological properties of plants of the family Araceae are scarce, and the results of this work are pioneer in regard to the antibacterial activity of this species.

Keywords: Araceae, bioactivity, alcoholic extracts, antibacterial activity.

}, author = {Miranda, J.A.L. and Rocha, J.A. and Ara{\'u}jo, K.M. and Quelemes, P.V. and Mayo, Simon J. and Andrade, Ivanilza M.} } @article {23, title = {Ocorr{\^e}ncia de Crenea maritima (Lythraceae) para o Delta do Parna{\'\i}ba, Brasil}, journal = {Rodrigu{\'e}sia}, volume = {66}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, pages = {931-937}, chapter = {931}, abstract = {

Resumo
O g\ênero Crenea \é composto por duas esp\écies, Crenea maritima e C. patentinervis, restrito \às costas e estu\ários do norte da Am\érica do Sul da Col\ômbia ao Par\á, no Brasil. Estudos taxon\ômicos tratando exclusivamente de Crenea s\ão restritos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo divulgar a ocorr\ência de Crenea maritima para o Delta do Rio Parna\íba (Piau\í e Maranh\ão), assim como caracterizar sua morfologia, taxonomia e condi\ç\ões ecol\ógicas. As ilustra\ç\ões foram baseadas nos principais caracteres diagn\ósticos das amostras coletadas.

Palavras-chave: Crenea, macr\ófita aqu\ática, mangue, nova ocorr\ência.

Abstract
The genus Crenea consists of two species, Crenea maritima and C. patentinervis, restricted to the coasts and estuaries of northern South America from Colombia to Par\á in Brazil. Taxonomic studies dealing exclusively Crenea are few. This study reports a new record for Crenea maritima in the Delta of the Rio Parna\íba (Piau\í and Maranh\ão states, Brazil), as well as characterizing the morphology, taxonomy and ecology of this species. The illustrations was based on the main diagnostic characters of the species as observed in the collected samples.


Key words: Crenea, aquatic macrophytes, mangrove, new record.

}, author = {Silva, M. Francilene S. and Mayo, Simon J. and Andrade, Ivanilza M.} } @article {22, title = {Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the community of Sobradinho, Lu{\'\i}s Correia, Piau{\'\i}, Brazil}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal Plants Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2015}, month = {08/2015}, pages = {872-883}, chapter = {872}, abstract = {

An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the Sobradinho community, Lu\ís Correia, Piau\í, Brazil was undertaken to recover and document traditional knowledge with the aim of supporting chemical, biological, agronomic, pharmaceutical and socio-economic studies related to the region\&$\#$39;s biodiversity. Fifteen research visits to the community were made between March 2013 to January 2014 involving 31 respondents from the community, the majority (74.4\%) being women aged between 27 and 84 years. The methodology used was interview by the snowball method using questionnaires. Analysis of the data gathered was based on use value and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Botanical voucher specimens were made of the species cited by informants and deposited at the HDELTA herbarium. 57 species belonging to 33 families were identified, of which 56\% were native and 44\% exotic. The best represented families were Fabaceae (14\%), Lamiaceae and Myrtaceae (9\% each). The leaves were the most frequently used plant parts (69\%), followed by the stem (22\%), fruit (4\%), flower (2\%), root and seed (1\%). The species that showed the highest use value (VU) were Cymbopogon
citratus (DC.) Stapf (capim-santo) and Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) with VU = 0.26. The Shannon-Wiener index value was highest for the elderly group (n=15, 48\% of total respondents), but young people were not represented among the informants. A total of 67 different medicinal indications were recorded, the highest number of species being used to treat medical conditions associated with inflammation, pain and fever. Informants claimed to have learned the use of medicinal plants from older members of the community and there was little interest evident among young people in acquiring this knowledge. Community informants are the holders of medicinal plant knowledge of the local flora and its practical application.

}, author = {Silva, J.D.A. and Nascimento, M.G.P. and Grazina, L.G. and Castro, K.N.C. and Mayo, Simon J. and Andrade, Ivanilza M.} }