00306nas a2200085 4500008004100000245005800041210005800099100001900157856004400176 2019 eng d00aList of Anacardium morphometric and molecular studies0 aList of Anacardium morphometric and molecular studies1 aMayo, Simon, J uhttps://bionoset.myspecies.info/node/6400250nas a2200073 4500008004100000245004600041210004500087856004400132 2019 eng d00aAndrade et al. 2019 Supplementary Table 10 aAndrade et al 2019 Supplementary Table 1 uhttps://bionoset.myspecies.info/node/6202321nas a2200241 4500008004100000245005100041210005100092260000900143300000900152520168400161653002701845653000901872653001101881653001201892653002701904653001301931100001801944700002501962700001601987700001702003700001502020856004402035 2019 eng d00aMorphometrics of wild cashew in coastal Piauí0 aMorphometrics of wild cashew in coastal Piauí c2019 a1-283 a

The infraspecific taxonomy of wild Anacardium occidentale is little studied. We investigated
whether wild populations on coastal dunes in Piauı, Brazil differed from non-wild populations.
Ten populations were sampled and twenty one morphological variables were measured.
Variation within and between populations was investigated with univariate and
multivariate statistics. Dune populations were mostly more similar to one another than to
domesticated ones. There was significant correlation between inter-population geographical
distance and morphological dissimilarity. Classification methods showed 96.4% successful
assignment to the dune category and 86% to 100% to dune populations
individually, but dune and non-dune populations overlap morphologically. Dune populations
had shorter, broader leaves, shorter drupes and fewer secondary veins. Non-dune coastal
populations showed strongest similarity to dune populations. Populations distant from the
coast were most divergent. The population from the cerrado region was most distinct, with
thicker leaf blades and narrower petioles. The dune populations are recognised as the
“restinga ecotype” of A. occidentale. Correlation of dissimilarity and distance may result
from gene flow and/or non-inherited environmental effects. Ecology and nomenclature (including
the vernacular “cajuı”) of the restinga ecotype are reviewed. Further comparison of
restinga populations is needed along the Brazilian coastline and with natural cerrado populations.

 

10aAnacardium microcarpum10acaju10acajuí10acerrado10ainfraspecific taxonomy10arestinga1 aAndrade, I.M.1 aNascimento, J.D'A.O.1 aSousa, M.V.1 aSantos, J.O.1 aMayo, S.J. uhttps://bionoset.myspecies.info/node/5702277nas a2200157 4500008004100000245015000041210006900191260001200260300001200272490000700284520172100291100001902012700001902031700002502050856004402075 2014 eng d00aGeometric morphometrics of leaves of Anacardium microcarpum Ducke and A. occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) from the coastal region of Piauí, Brazil0 aGeometric morphometrics of leaves of Anacardium microcarpum Duck c07/2014 a315-3270 v373 a

Anacardium microcarpum (cajuí) differs from A. occidentale (cashew) by its smaller drupe and hypocarp and more restricted range in cerrados and coastal plateaux of Brazil’s Pará, Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte states. Taxonomists treat A. microcarpum as conspecific with A. occidentale, but many agronomists treat it as distinct. This study used geometric morphometrics to investigate leaf shape differences between the two taxa in ten populations from coastal Piauí state, Brazil with samples of 300–380 leaves. Configurations of two landmarks and 14 semilandmarks were digitized along the leaf outline from standardized images and subjected to multivariate analysis after Procrustes alignment. Principal component analysis produced four significant principal component shape variables accounting for 79.5 % total variance. These were visualized using thin-plate spline analysis. Discriminant analysis showed a significant difference between the taxon means (P = 0.003). Jackknife cross-validation correctly classified only 61.3 % of A. occidentale individuals and 56.7 % of A. microcarpum. Non-Parametric MANOVA of the ten populations showed significant population differences (P = 0.0001). The most isolated population (Cocal da Estação)—the only one from the interior of the state—differed most. A Mantel test found no significant correlation between morphological dissimilarity and geographical distance. Although leaf shape differences both between taxa and populations were statistically significant, overlap made leaf shape difference alone ineffective for separating A. microcarpum from A. occidentale.

1 aVieira, Marcia1 aMayo, Simon, J1 aAndrade, Ivanilza, M uhttps://bionoset.myspecies.info/node/21